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Madagascar
Overview
| Flag |  |
| Anthem | Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô! (Oh, Our Beloved Fatherland) Watch on youtube (with lyrics in video description) |
| Capital | Antananarivo |
| Largest city | Antananarivo |
| Official language(s) |
|
| Demonym(a name for a resident of a locality, often the same as the name of the people's native language) | Malagasy |
| Government | Caretaker government |
| Area | 587,041 km2, 226,597 sq mi |
| Population | ~ 21 million |
| Currency | Malagasy ariary (MGA) |
| Internet TLD | .mg |
Geography
Society and culture
Malagasy culture reflects a blend(a mixture of two or more things) of Southeast Asian, Arab, African and European influences.
Population
Madagascar's population is predominantly(mainly, to a great extent) of mixed Austronesian (i.e. South-East Asian/Pacific Islander) and African origin. Those who are visibly Austronesian in appearance and culture are the minority, found mostly in the highland regions. Recent research suggests that the island was uninhabited(no people living there) until Austronesian seafarers arrived about 1,500 to 2,000 years ago. Subsequent(following in time) migrations from the East Indies and Africa consolidated(to combine into a single unit; to group together) this mixture, and 36 separate tribal groups emerged(to come into existence).
Languages
In the Constitution of 2007, Malagasy remains the national language while two other official languages are reintroduced: French and English. The Malagasy language is of Malayo-Polynesian origin and is generally spoken throughout the island. French is spoken among the educated population of this former French colony(a region or governmental unit created by another country and generally ruled by another country). English, although still rare, is becoming more widely spoken.
Religion
The main religions are Malagasy mythology and Christianity but there also minorities of other religions, most significantly Islam. Approximately 50% of the country's population practise Malagasy mythology(a traditional religion of the Malagasy people). About 45% of the Malagasy are Christian, divided almost evenly between Catholics and Protestants. Islam in Madagascar constitutes 10 – 15% of the population.
Government and politics
Although the present head of State is self-proclaimed(indicating that a claim or statement of status was made by the person who benefits from the announcement), Madagascar is usually a representative democratic republic. The Prime Minister of Madagascar is head of government and of a multi-party system. Executive(enforcing laws and judicial decisions, and running the state day-to-day) power is exercised by the government. Legislative(making, amending and repealing laws) power is vested in both the government and the Senate and the National Assembly. The Judiciary(the branch of government which is responsible for maintaining the courts of law and for the administration of justice) is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Economy
Agriculture, including fishing and forestry, is a mainstay(the chief support) of the economy. Major exports are coffee, vanilla, sugarcane, cloves, cocoa, rice, beans, bananas, peanuts and livestock(farm animals) products. Madagascar is the world's largest producer and exporter of vanilla. Besides agricultural products, Madagascar's sources of growth are tourism, textile and light manufacturing exports and mining.
Quelle: http://www.englisch-lernen-online.de/landeskunde/englischsprachige-laender/madagaskar-madagascar/
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