Simple Present
Mit dem Simple Present drückst du Zustände (z.B. "I am old") und Handlungen (z.B. "I read a book") aus, die in der Gegenwart statt finden.
Simple Present:
(einfache Form der Gegenwart)
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Gebrauch | Tagesabläufe, regelmäßige Ereignisse oder Tatsachen, Gefühle oder Zustände beschreiben |
Struktur |
- I/you/we/they + Infinitive
- he/she/it + Infinitive + s
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Signalwörter | always, never, often, seldom, rarely, sometimes, usually, normally, regularly, etc.
every day, every week, every month, … |
Bejahte Aussage | I walk, she walks, they take, he takes |
Verneinte Aussage | I don’t walk, she doesn’t walk, they don’t take, he doesn’t take |
Fragen | Do I walk? Does she walk? Do they take? Does he take? |
Present: Present Progressive
(Verlaufsform der Gegenwart)
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Gebrauch | Dinge beschreiben, die genau im Moment des Sprechens geschehen, oder die ausnahmsweise geschehen; über einen Plan sprechen, der in der nahen Zukunft ausgeführt wird |
Struktur | am/are/is (simple present form of to be) + Infinitive + ing |
Signalwörter | at the moment, right now, just, now, at present, currently, Look! |
Bejahte Aussage | I am walking, she is walking, they are taking, he is taking |
Verneinte Aussage | I am not walking, she isn't walking, they aren't taking, he isn't taking |
Fragen | Am I walking? Is she walking? Are they taking? Is he taking? |
Past: Simple Past
(Einfache Form der Vergangenheit)
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Gebrauch | Über Dinge sprechen, die in der Vergangenheit passiert sind und die zum Zeitpunkt des Sprechens abgeschlossen oder vorbei sind |
Struktur |
- Regular verbs: Infinitive + ed
- Irregular verbs: simple past form
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Signalwörter | yesterday, the other day, in 2009, when, at that time
two days ago, a week ago, a month ago, …
last night, last week, last month, … |
Bejahte Aussage | I walked, she walked, they took, he took |
Verneinte Aussage | I didn't walk, she didn't walk, they didn't take, he didn't take |
Fragen | Did I walk? Did she walk? Did they take? Did he take? |
Past: Past Progressive
(Verlaufsform der Vergangenheit)
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Gebrauch | Handlungen oder Dinge beschreiben, die in der Vergangenheit abgelaufen sind, auch wenn etwas anderes den Ablauf plötzlich unterbrach |
Struktur | was/were (simple past form of to be) + Infinitive + ing |
Signalwörter | |
Bejahte Aussage | I was walking, she was walking, they were taking, he was taking |
Verneinte Aussage | I wasn't walking, she wasn't walking, they weren't taking, he wasn't taking |
Fragen | Was I walking? Was she walking? Were they taking? Was he taking? |
Past: Present Perfect Simple
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Gebrauch | Das Ergebnis von etwas betonen, über Dinge sprechen, die zu einem unbekannten Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit geschahen, Dinge beschreiben, die in der Vergangenheit begannen und zum Zeitpunkt des Sprechens noch nicht abgeschlossen sind |
Struktur | have/has (simple present form of to have) + past participle |
Signalwörter | since, for, already, yet, before, ever, never, still not, so far, just, up to now, recently, until now |
Bejahte Aussage | I have walked, she has walked, they have taken, he has taken |
Verneinte Aussage | I haven't walked, she hasn't walked, they haven't taken, he hasn't taken |
Fragen | Have I walked? Has she walked? Have they taken? Has he taken? |
Past: Present Perfect Progressive
(Verlaufsform der vollendeten Vergangenheit)
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Gebrauch | Die Dauer von etwas betonen, Dinge beschreiben, die in der Vergangenheit begannen und zum Zeitpunkt des Sprechens immer noch andauern und/oder die Gegenwart beeinflussen |
Struktur | have/has (simple present form of to have) + been + Infinitive + ing |
Signalwörter | for, since, how long, all day, all day long, the whole day/week/month/year |
Bejahte Aussage | I have been walking, she has been walking, they have been taking, he has been taking |
Verneinte Aussage | I haven't been walking, she hasn't been walking, they haven't been taking, he hasn't been taking |
Fragen | Have I been walking? Has she been walking? Have they been taking? Has he been taking? |
Past: Past Perfect Simple
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Gebrauch | Betonen, dass etwas in der Vergangenheit aufhörte oder vorbei war, als etwas anderes begann, die Tatsache beschreiben, dass etwas vor einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt geschah |
Struktur | had (simple past form of to have) + past participle |
Signalwörter | already, until that day, never, just |
Bejahte Aussage | I had walked, she had walked, they had taken, he had taken |
Verneinte Aussage | I hadn't walked, she hadn't walked, they hadn't taken, he hadn't taken |
Fragen | Had I walked? Had she walked? Had they taken? Had he taken? |
Past: Past Perfect Progressive
(Verlaufsform der Vorvergangenheit)
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Gebrauch | Den Ablauf oder die Dauer von etwas beschreiben, Dinge beschreiben, die in der Vergangenheit geschahen und endeten oder die zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit vorbei waren |
Struktur | had (simple past form of to have) + been + Infinitive + ing |
Signalwörter | for, since, how long, all day, after, before |
Bejahte Aussage | I had been walking, she had been walking, they had been taking, he had been taking |
Verneinte Aussage | I hadn't been walking, she hadn't been walking, they hadn't been taking, he hadn't been taking |
Fragen | Had I been walking? Had she been walking? Had they been taking? Had he been taking? |
Future: Will-Future
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Gebrauch | Dinge beschreiben, die sicherlich in der Zukunft passieren werden, über Erwartungen, Hoffnungen, Annahmen oder spontane Entscheidungen sprechen |
Struktur | |
Signalwörter | tomorrow, next week/month/year, in 2021, expect, believe, hope, suppose, think, probably |
Bejahte Aussage | I will walk, she will walk, they will take, he will take |
Verneinte Aussage | I won't walk, she won't walk, they won't take, he won't take |
Fragen | Will I walk? Will she walk? Will they take? Will he take? |
Future: Going-to-Future
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Gebrauch | Zukünftige Pläne, Ziele und Folgen beschreiben, über Dinge sprechen, die in der nahen Zukunft passieren werden |
Struktur | am/are/is (simple present form of to be) + going to + Infinitive |
Signalwörter | tomorrow, next week/month/year, in 2011 |
Bejahte Aussage | I am going to walk, she is going to walk, they are going to take, he is going to take |
Verneinte Aussage | I am not going to walk, she isn't going to walk, they aren't going to take, he isn't going to take |
Fragen | Am I going to walk? Is she going to walk? Are they going to take? Is he going to take? |
Future: Future Progressive
(Verlaufsform der Zukunft)
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Gebrauch | Dinge beschreiben, die zukünftig ablaufen werden, über Dinge sprechen, die normalerweise in der Zukunft geschehen |
Struktur | will + be + Infinitive + ing |
Signalwörter | tomorrow, next week/month/year, in 2041 |
Bejahte Aussage | I will be walking, she will be walking, they will be taking, he will be taking |
Verneinte Aussage | I won't be walking, she won't be walking, they won't be taking, he won't be taking |
Fragen | Will I be walking? Will she be walking? Will they be taking? Will he be taking? |
Future: Future Perfect
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Gebrauch | Über Dinge sprechen, die zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt in der Zukunft abgeschlossen oder vorbei sein werden |
Struktur | will + have + past participle |
Signalwörter | until, before
by the end of the day, by the end of the week, by the end of the month, … |
Bejahte Aussage | I will have walked, she will have walked, they will have taken, he will have taken |
Verneinte Aussage | I won't have walked, she won't have walked, they won't have taken, he won't have taken |
Fragen | Will I have walked? Will she have walked? Will they have taken? Will he have taken? |
The simple present tense
The simple present tense is one of the basic tenses in the English language. It is the first tense you learn before all other tenses. It is very important to know how to build it.
Positive statements
- With I, you, we, they, verbs in the simple present tense don't have any special ending. You simply use the infinitive form of the verb: I want.., You need.., We go.., They like...
- With he, she, it you need to add -s to the verb: he wants, she needs, he likes, he eats, she meets, it works.
Read the simple present forms of the verb
to have. There is an exception to the rule above:
- I have
- You have
- He, she, it has
- We have
- You have
- They have
As you see, you don't just add s to the verb have! You must use the form has with he, she, it.
Note: the verb to have indicates possession: I have a car. She has a dog. They have a new house. You can also use the verb have got to indicate possession: I have got a car. She has got a dog. They have got a new house.
Have or has? Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verb to have in the simple present tense.
Die einfache Form der Gegenwart: Simple Present
Das Simple Present ist eine der grundlegenden Zeiten der englischen Sprache. Du lernst diese Zeit vor allen anderen. Es ist sehr wichtig zu wissen, wie man diese Zeit bildet.
Bejahte Aussagesätze
- In Verbindung mit I, you, we, they haben Verben keine besondere Endung. Du benutzt einfach die Grundform des Verbs: I want.., You need.., We go.., They like...
- In Verbindung mit he, she, it musst du -s zum Verb hinzufügen: he wants, she needs, he likes, he eats, she meets, it works.
Lies die Simple Present Formen des Verbs
have. Es gibt hier eine Ausnahme zu der oben genannten Regel:
- I have
- You have
- He, she, it has
- We have
- You have
- They have
Wie du siehst, fügst du nicht einfach s zu dem Verb "to have" hinzu! Du musst die Form has mit he, she, it gebrauchen.
Beachte: das Verb have zeigt einen Besitz an: I have a car. She has a dog. They have a new house. Genauso kannst du das Verb have got benutzen, um einen Besitz anzuzeigen: I have got a car. She has got a dog. They have got a new house.
Have oder has?Fülle die Lücken mit der richtigen Form von dem Verb "to have" in der Zeitform Simple Present aus.
Negative statements
To negate a sentence in the simple present tense, we use "don't" or "doesn't".
Use
"don't" with I, you, we, they + infinitive form of the main verb to negate a statement:
- I don't like parties.
- You don't listen to me.
- We don't have a car.
- They don't have any money.
- I don't want any ice-cream.
Use
"doesn't" with he, she, it + infinitive form of the main verb to negate a statement:
- He doesn't like apples.
- She doesn't use a computer.
- It doesn't work.
- He doesn't have a swimming lesson today.
- She doesn't know that.
Look at the pictures and answer the questions. When the picture is crossed out, write a negative answer. For example:
Does he have a car? 
No, he doesn't have a car.. When there is a picture without a cross, write a positive answer:
Does he have a car? Yes, he has a car.Verneinte Aussagesätze
Um einen Satz in der einfachen Gegenwartsform zu verneinen, benutzen wir "don't" oder "doesn't".
Nutze
"don't" mit I, you, we, they + Grundform des Hauptverbs, um eine Aussage zu verneinen:
- I don't go to that party.
- You don't listen to me.
- We don't have a car.
- They don't have any money.
- I don't want any ice cream.
Nutze
"doesn't" mit he, she, it + Grundform des Hauptverbs, um eine Aussage zu verneinen:
- He doesn't like apples.
- She doesn't call you back.
- It doesn't work.
- He doesn't have swimming lesson today.
- She doesn't know that.
Schaue dir die Bilder an und beantworte die Fragen. Wenn das Bild durchgestrichen ist, schreibe eine verneinte Antwort. Zum Beispiel:
Does he have a car? No, he doesn't have a car.. Bei einem Bild ohne Kreuz schreibe eine bejahte Antwort:
Does he have a car? Yes, he has a car.
Questions in the simple present tense
Yes/No Questions with do/does
Yes/No Questions require somebody to make a decision. The answer can be either Yes or No.
To form questions in the simple present tense, you use
"do" or
"does" + the infinitive of the main verb:
- Use "do" with the pronouns I, you, we, they.
- Use "does" with the pronouns he, she, it.
- I like parties. – Do you like parties?
- You eat ice cream. – Do you eat ice cream?
- He likes music. – Does he like music?
- She plays the drums. – Does she play the drums?
- It works well. – Does it work well?
- We watch TV. – Do we watch TV?
- They like football. – Do they like football?
Note: Use
do or
does + the infinitive form of the main verb! Do not add
s to the verb:
Does he play
s the drums?
That's wrong!
The
s for
"he, she, it" is already included in the form
does!
Do the sentences start with Do or Does? Decide via drag and drop.
Fragen in der Zeitform Simple Present
Entscheidungsfragen
Ja-Nein-Fragen fragen jemanden nach einer Entscheidung. Die Antwort kann Ja oder Nein sein.
Um Fragen im Simple Present zu formulieren, benutze
"do" oder
"does" + Hauptverb:
- Gebrauche "do" mit den Pronomen I, you, we, they.
- Gebrauche "does" mit den Pronomen he, she, it.
- I like parties. – Do you like parties?
- You eat ice cream. – Do you eat ice cream?
- He likes music. – Does he like music?
- She plays the drums. – Does she play the drums?
- It works well. – Does it work well?
- We watch TV. – Do we watch TV?
- They like football. – Do they like football?
Beachte: Benutze
do oder
does + die Grundform des Hauptverbs! Füge kein
s an das Verb an:
Does he play
s the drums?
Das ist falsch!
Das
s von he, she, ist bereits in der Form
does enthalten!
Beginnen die Sätze mit Do oder Does? Entscheide per Drag and Drop.
Write questions in the simple present tense. Use the words from the answers. For example: If the answer is Yes, she plays football. then write Does she play football?.
Schreibe Fragen in der Zeitform Simple Present. Benutze die Wörter aus den Antworten. Zum Beispiel: Wenn die Antwort Yes, she plays football. ist, dann schreibe Does she play football?.
Short answers
Remember how we form Yes/No Questions with the verb "to be": Are you tired?. You've already learned that you don't just answer with Yes or No, because that is sometimes impolite. Instead, you give a short answer: Yes, I am. or No, I am not..
The same rule applies to giving short answers to Yes/No Questions with other main verbs:
- Do you like parties? – Yes, I do. or No, I don't.
- Does he like music? – Yes, he does. or No, he doesn't.
- Does she play the drums? – Yes, she does. or No, she doesn't.
- Does it work well? – Yes, it does. or No, it doesn't.
- Do we watch TV? – Yes, we do. or No, we don't.
- Do they like football? – Yes, they do. or No, they don't.
Yes/No + personal pronoun + do/don't or does/doesn't
Again:
- Use do with I, you, we, they.
- Use does with he, she, it.
Kurzantworten
Erinnere dich daran, wie man Entscheidungsfragen mit dem Verb "to be" bildet: Are you tired?. Du hast bereits gelernt, dass man darauf nicht einfach mit Ja oder Nein antwortet, da dies manchmal unhöflich ist. Stattdessen benutzt du eine Kurzantwort: Yes, I am. oder No, I am not..
Die gleiche Regel gilt auch für Kurzantworten auf Entscheidungsfragen mit anderen Hauptverben:
- Do you go to the party? – Yes, I do. or No, I don't.
- Does he like music? – Yes, he does. or No, he doesn't.
- Does she play the drums? – Yes, she does. or No, she doesn't.
- Does it work well? – Yes, it does. or No, it doesn't.
- Do we drive to the city? – Yes, we do. or No, we don't.
- Do they like football? – Yes, they do. or No, they don't.
Yes/No + Personalpronomen + do/don't oder does/doesn't
Noch einmal:
- Gebrauche do mit I, you, we, they.
- Gebrauche does mit he, she, it.
Read the following text and spot the mistakes. Select the incorrect use of do or does by clicking on the forms.
Lies den folgenden Text und finde die Fehler. Wähle die falschen Formen von do oder does aus, indem du sie anklickst.
Practise short answers in the simple present. Choose the right form and complete the answer.
Übe Kurzantworten im Simple Present. Wähle die richtige Form aus, um die Antwort zu vervollständigen.
Use
You use the simple present in two situations:
1. You use it to say that something (usually an action) is a regular routine, event or a fact:
- You always have lunch at 12.30 pm.
- It always does that.
- You never tell us about your parents.
- He sometimes calls me "Honey".
- We usually go to the cinema on the weekend.
All these sentences have special adverbials of frequency like always, never, seldom, rarely, every day, every week, every month, every year, sometimes, usually, normally, regularly, etc. These words often appear with and are an indicator of the simple present!
Be careful with the position of the adverbial: it comes before a main verb like eat, have, like, meet, see, come, call, go, but after the verb "to be":
- He always comes late. BUT He is always late.
- She never calls me back. BUT She is never at home when I call her.
- They sometimes come over to our place. BUT We are never at their place.
Also, there is one more exception: adverbials with
every like
every morning, every night, every day, every week, every month, every year, every time, … are placed at the end of the sentence:
- We meet our friends every weekend.
- They have dinner at 6.30 pm every night.
- He eats breakfast at 8 o'clock every morning.
2. You use the simple present to talk about a fact or a state like feelings, likes and dislikes that are true for a longer period of time:
- We live in New York.
- He hates vegetables.
- I love you.
- My English teacher is very nice.
- She likes chocolate.
- The dog is 5 years old.
- Her name is Anna.
- They have two cats.
Gebrauch
Du gebrauchst das Simple Present in zwei Situationen:
1. Du benutzt es, um zu sagen, dass etwas (normalerweise eine Aktion) ein regelmäßiger Ablauf, ein regelmäßiges Ereignis oder eine Tatsache ist:
- You always have lunch at 12.30 pm.
- It always does that.
- You never tell us about your parents.
- He sometimes calls me "Honey".
- We usually go to the cinema on the weekend.
All diese Sätze beinhalten besondere Adverbien der Häufigkeit wie always, never, seldom, rarely, every day, every week, every month, every year, sometimes, usually, normally, regularly, etc. Diese Wörter erscheinen oft in Verbindung mit dem Simple Present und sind ein Kennzeichen für diese Zeitform!
Beachte die Stellung des Adverbs: es steht vor einem Hauptverb wie eat, have, like, meet, see, come, call, go, aber nach dem Verb "to be":
- He always comes late. ABER He is always late.
- She never calls me back. ABER She is never at home when I call her.
- They sometimes come over to our place. ABER We are never at their place.
Es gibt außerdem eine weitere Ausnahme: Adverbien mit
every wie
every morning, every night, every day, every week, every month, every year, every time, … werden an das Satzende gestellt:
- We meet our friends every weekend.
- They have dinner at 6.30 pm every night.
- He eats breakfast at 8 o'clock every morning.
2. Du benutzt das Simple Present, um über eine Tatsache oder einen Zustand wie Gefühle, Vorlieben und Abneigungen, zu sprechen, die für einen längeren Zeitraum der Fall sind:
- We live in New York.
- He hates vegetables.
- I love you.
- My English teacher is very nice.
- She likes chocolate.
- The dog is 5 years old.
- Her name is Anna.
- They have two cats.
Take a look at the daily routine of the Fernandez family. Then complete the exercise below. Fill in the first gap with the correct day of the week. Then fill in the second gap with the simple present form of the verb (in brackets). For example:
On ____ afternoon, she ___ (play) volleyball. On Tuesday afternoon, she plays volleyball. To read again how to form the simple present,
click here.
Schaue dir den Alltag der Familie Fernandez an. Dann vervollständige die unten stehende Übung. Fülle die jeweils erste Lücke mit dem richtigen Wochentag aus. Dann fülle die jeweils zweite Lücke mit dem Verb (in Klammern) in der Zeit des Simple Present aus. Zum Beispiel:
On ____ afternoon, she ___ (play) volleyball. On Tuesday afternoon, she plays volleyball. Um noch einmal nachzulesen, wie das Simple Present gebildet wird,
klicke hier.
| Monday |
Tuesday |
Wednesday |
Thursday |
| family breakfast at 7 am |
Maria art class at 4 pm |
Anna with her friends at 3 pm |
Anna late school start at 10 am |
| school bus at 7.45 am |
Pedro swims in the evening |
Pedro's favourite TV show at 7 pm |
family cinema at 8 pm |
Listen to the audio file. Then match the times with the actions using Drag and Drop.
Höre dir die Audiodatei an. Dann ordne per Drag and Drop den Wochentagen die Tätigkeiten zu.
